North East Faces the “Fire Fiend” in 1911

North East –May 7, 1911 — An untroubled Saturday night lapses peacefully into Sunday morning. It’s just about three o’clock and townspeople are wrapped safely in slumber. Then, unexpectedly, the fearful cry is heard, first by a few — someone is shouting Fire! … Fire! … Fire!

It is the Rev. J. P. Otis pastor of the North East Methodist Episcopal Church. Awakened by crackling and a glow, he looks out his window to see a nearby dwelling on fire. Rev. Otis bolts into the night shouting the alarm and arousing the occupants of the house, who barely escape.

Not having an alarm system to sound the warning, whatever means nearby is used to rouse help. Church bells at St. Mary Anne’s and the Methodist Churches are soon tolling. There are pistol shots and more cries of fire; the telephone exchange joins in by calling all phone renters.

This brings practically every one of North East’s 1,100 residents face to face with a “terrorizing sight.” Two houses are already “in the clutches of the fire fiend.” Flames are spreading south and north swiftly, North East’s newspaper, the Cecil Star reports. “The pity of it all is the helplessness of the hundreds who come to the rescue.”

The double house of Joseph T. Kenney and T. C. McCracken beside the Methodist parsonage is first on fire. Swiftly, flames spread to the nearby parsonage. Soon the roof of “the finest, the largest, and the most costly building in town,” the church, is in flames. As the church roof blazes, the church bell high up in the tower of the building continues its “almost human appeal for help,” to the very last. Then it falls, burying “itself in the molten and unshapely mass of metal” that was once a church bell, observes editor George O. Garey of the Star.

Towns-people Organize to Fight the Inferno

Towns-people speedily organize to fight the inferno, but the only means available to them is a bucket brigade. North East has “no other fire apparatus of any description.” Citizens willingly keep to the task nonetheless. “Bucket brigades, with men, women and children in the lines,” hold to the work heroically and keep the buckets full reports Editor Garey.

With the M.E. Church just catching fire, a general conflagration appears imminent — the situation is serious! Dr. Housekeeper wires Elkton and Havre De Grace for aid. Chief Giles of the Singerly Fire Company advises that getting Elkton’s steam fire engine to North East will be impossible because the road between the towns is so bad. Also the apparatus can’t be sent promptly by rail. Havre De Grace finds the same condition, reports the Cecil Democrat.

Dr. Housekeeper next telegrams Wilmington. That city’s fire department responds and has some “hundred men and two steam engines loaded on flat cars” at the railroad yard. They are on their way when word comes, the fire is under control. Two steamers get as far as Newark by six a.m. when they get word that the fire is checked, says the Democrat. Another newspaper, the Midland Journal of Rising Sun, reports the fire department is loading apparatus on flat cars preparatory to the railroad run to North East when the word comes. Railroad officials later tell town commissioners they will not make a charge for the “partial service rendered.”

North East doesn’t have a municipal water system so the steamers would have pumped water from the river. This isn’t a problem though because the river is within 400 feet of the “ill-fated locality,” and easily accessible. A heroic effort by the bucket brigade to save the church is unavailing. Quick work succeeds in getting all the furniture, pews, organs, piano, Bibles and hymn books and the membership list for the church out of the doomed structure before the roof falls in. Church records in the parsonage are destroyed. Meanwhile, on the north side of the fire, the other half of the double dwelling (the vacant McCracken part) is quickly destroyed.

The brick dwelling and store of W. J. Cameron about ten feet distance,several times catches fire, but is saved by the hard and steady work of the bucket brigade. Mr. Cameron’s store suffers heavy damage though. Several other buildings in the vicinity catch fire, but are also saved by quick work of citizen firefighters. A “score of properties,” including the Grand Army Hall, the Ford building, occupied as a shirt factory, the Thomas Hotel, besides stores and houses are in great danger. Most of them are on “fire at times from flying sparks,” but are promptly extinguished by volunteers. People living in the neighborhood realize the danger in which their homes are placed.”A score or more of the residences are made bare of their furniture, in the face of what has every appearance of an impending personal calamity and loss” to much of the town. The frame buildings south of the Church, owned by Ida Thomas catches fire but is saved. A narrow street intervenes between these building and the church. To prevent the spread of flames further along S. Main Street, volunteers plan to blow up one house in this row, but they get the fire under control before this is done.

The Fight Succeeds

The stubborn fight of the bucket brigade eventually succeeds “in snatching from the burning grip of the fire monster, the other surrounding properties.” And the morning was very calm, else the havoc would have been much greater than it is, the Cecil County News reports. The absence of wind saves the town from a general conflagration the Democrat adds. Editor George O. Garey of North East has an opinion: “North East got its first genuine fright and the long deferred lesson was taught its people for neglecting to provide proper protection against fire.

Click here for Part I

North East Organizes a Fire Company in 1901

north east fire company
The North East Fire Company’s Chemical Engine
Source: Cecil Whig, March 23, 1901
north east united methodist church
The fire destroyed the North East United Methodist Church

North East Fire Company — When a fierce fire on May 7, 1911, destroyed the Methodist Episcopal Church and two dwellings, and threatened destruction to the entire town,  North East realized that something needed to be done.  The community had no fire department as some years ago, the town acquired a small chemical engine capable of squirting a modest stream of water on a fire, but it was virtually useless in the face of a roaring inferno like this.   On this occasion, residents had stood their ground stubbornly. Buckets in hand, feeling the hot flames of the fire consuming the doomed structures, they had flung pail after pail of water on the blaze.

Calling for Assistance

At the fire’s height, they had turned for assistance to the nearest towns with fire departments, Elkton and Havre de Grace. Companies in those towns were unable to answer the urgent plea for aid  because of the poor condition of the Philadelphia Road between the localities.  Confronting the inferno alone—buckets in hand—townspeople eventually checked the “demons” spread. Then, as hours went by the fire finished devouring the structures already ablaze and the flames died out. Soon after daybreak (the sun came up about five o’clock that Sunday morning), the outcome was obvious. Exhausted, citizens had emerged victorious!

Although the fire had ravaged several buildings, the town was fortunate, the night was calm. What if the wind was blowing next time? Would the Philadelphia road be passible? What if the fire started “in some of the tinder boxes in town?” Buckets were all they had! What would North East do?

George O. Garey, Editor of North East’s newspaper, The Cecil Star did not have answers, but as ruins smoldered he knew something had to be done: The most serious problem is the protection of the community against fire, he said. “The people of a town of this size ought to be able to lie down to sleep at night, with a reasonable feeling of assurance that something is in readiness for the emergency of fire and that life and property are not dependent upon chance happenings.”

Many in the community were calling for creation of a fire department. Therefore, R. C. Simpers, secretary to the Town Commissioners, announced a meeting of taxpayers at the Grand Army Hall on May 24. Purchase of a steam fire engine and the protection of the town was the subject. “The responsibility rests with them (town commissioners), and it is right for them to get the view of taxpayers before taking any action,” Editor Garey stated.

The public must have wanted a steam fire engine for town fathers agreed to send C. P. Bartley and Clem Reeder to Baltimore to inspect a steam engine offered there for $350. Another committee, consisting of E. P. Fockler, J. F. Diggs, F. H. Thompson and John Tobin, was to solicit funds for the purchase of the apparatus.

Meanwhile, the Cecil Star had considered this problem some more. Its conclusion: North East needed an adequate system of water works. Anything short of this would be an “expensive and unsatisfactory experiment” as protection against fire. A steam engine would be okay if there was satisfactory water supply and outbreaks of fire occurred sufficiently often to keep an engine in readiness. “A town the size of North East would neither justify nor guarantee an efficient and permanent fire company. Machinery deteriorates rapidly when little used, and so do organizations of men,” the Star cautioned.

As for water works, the Star suggested that plenty of water, with good pressure, enough fire plugs, and a few sections of hose, would provide adequate protection. Besides, a water system was just as seriously needed for public health and domestic purposes. The price of this fire “would have more than paid for water-works,” North East’s newspaper observed.

At this point, unfortunately, there is a significant break in the copies of The Cecil Star which are available for research. Still, other county newspapers, for instance, The Midland Journal of Rising Sun and the Cecil County News of Elkton, carry no indication of what transpired next. When the Star resumes a year or so later, our research has found nothing to suggest that the steam engine was purchased. (Water-works in North East were still many years away.)

The Old Chemical Engine

But what about that chemical engine mentioned in the Cecil Star? Where did it come from? Our research yielded answers on this: Town commissioners purchased from the Holloway Company of Baltimore a chemical fire engine in March 1901 at a cost of $450. Mounted on a cart, the engine had a hose reel, 75 feet of hose, a 65-gallon water tank, and a soda and acid pressuring mechanism. When the soda and acid were mixed, gas was created which forced water from the tank through the hose.

Citizens also organized a volunteer fire company in 1901. Dr. R. G. Underwood was the chief and Professor E. B. Fockler was the president. That 1901 fire company had its temporary quarters in the Star building. It established a “reading room and social room which was open to members every evening.” The new company inherited some equipment from town-fathers. North East had purchased two ladders and 24 buckets for protection a year earlier (Cecil Whig, March 16, 1901.

While North East may not have always had the most sophisticated fire-fighting apparatus early in the 1900s, its townspeople were certainly good at fighting the “fire demon” with their buckets. “The covered bridge on Main Street” caught fire in January 1901. Buckets in hand, citizens responded. They promptly put out that fire!

North East’s earlier fire company must have been very efficient too. Soon after the company was established, it was called out to an alarm. Mrs. R. T. Rambo’s millinery store caught fire, on March 23, 1901. The “North East Volunteer Fire Company” responded “within three minutes,” the newspaper reported.

A little way down the Philadelphia Road, The Perryville Record asked its town’s officials to take notice of goings-on in North East: “The attention of our town fathers is called to the chemical fire engine that has just been put in at North East. Perryville is in sad need of some protection against fire, as it would be practically at the mercy of the flames should a fire start in its now unprotected state.”

In 1915, a Wilmington newspaper the North East Fire Company had disbanded, and the town commissioners were selling its chemical fire engine, hose, and appliances.”  (Morning News, July 3, 1915).

It would be a few more years before a fire would occur that would spark the organization of the present day North East Volunteer Fire Company.

Click here to go to Part II

Singerly Fire Company to Hold Fire & Police Badge and Patch Show Sept. 24, 2011

Press Release

A “Fire & Police Badge and Patch” show will be held at Singerly Fire Co. Elkton, Maryland on Saturday September 24, 2011 from 9 AM to 3 PM.  The show will feature over twenty five dealers who will offer, for viewing and sale, collectible fire & police badges and patches. All funds received are for the benefit of Singerly Volunteer Fire Company Elkton, MD.

The Singerly Fire Hall is located at 300 Newark Avenue Elkton, MD, near the intersection of Routes 213 and 279. From I-95 take Exit# 109 (Rt. 279 Newark, DE/ Elkton, MD) interchange toward Elkton approx. 3 miles on right.  Admission is $3.00 per person – children under 12 admitted free of charge. Lunch and refreshments will be available for sale by the Singerly Fire Company Ladies Auxiliary. For additional information contact ayers.we@hotmail.com or call 410 398 7735 (During show hours 410-398-7300).

Maryland Historical Trust Representative Works With Elkton Board to Untangle Matters Related to Historic District

Elkton Town Meeting, Sept. 14, 2011 – After an August meeting
between the mayor and commissioners and the Historic and Architectural Review Committee (HARC) created more questions than answers, the elected officials asked the Maryland Historical Trust to help them sort things out.  As a result Cory Kegersie, a preservation professional with the Trust, attended the workshop to untangle things.  I understand “. . . you may have been left
with more questions than answers as to what is historic district zoning and
what it requires. . .  My goal is to help you make informed decisions with what I think is the right information and maybe correct some slight misstatement . . .”  As the presentation started, Commissioner Jablonski wanted to know if HARC representatives were going to attend the discussion.  A staff member informed her that although no one was present they were notified of the meeting.

Historic districts are a form of zoning overlay with particular rights and restrictions and the commission, a quasi-judicial body, is similar to a planning board, he explained. As a result there are certain things you have to do in a certain way to protect you and your citizens and assure due process in protecting property rights and the legislative rights of government.  In this realm, the commission makes determinations on “alterations to the exterior of buildings, not interiors.”   On that point Commissioner Givens sought clarification,
“in the interior you can do whatever you want?”   The authority is limited to the exterior, Cory assured him.

It is my understanding that the discussion of design guidelines is where the topic got complicated, Cory remarked as he displayed a map showing Elkton’s large inventory of historic structures.  Design guidelines are used for the review, so
it’s not a matter of personal taste.”  It’s a tool that ensures a board is making consistent, reasonable decisions, not rendering opinions based on personal preference.   So they use these as guidelines, not strict enforcement tools, Commissioner Hicks inquired. “The federal standards are broad and there are ten of them. . . To the home owner, getting this short list doesn’t make a whole lot of sense so commissions typically adopt the illustrated guidelines to help owners.”   Cory remarked as he displayed examples from Bel
Air, Cumberland, Snow Hill and other places.

“They come in all shapes and sizes and almost all have lots of pictures,” he remarked while pointing to examples of how they provide guidance to the building owner.  The guidelines “serve to let homeowners know what the expectations are and give something the commissioner use in order to make decisions.  The philosophy that underlay the standards gets translated into real world examples.  These are not regulations, but guidelines that serve as policy decision aids.”

“All we want is to protect the historic value and keep the small town façade or feel,” Commissioner Hicks remarked.  “We want to protect that.  New buildings come and suddenly Elkton is no longer that quaint small town with history.
It goes away just like that.” Responding to the Commissioner’s closing observation Cory added that he once told the mayor of Salisbury that “no one ever came to Salisbury to see their strip malls.  In terms of small town feel and appearance, the quality of architecture does definitely make a difference.”

You owe it to yourself to have some realistic and justifiable rationale and guidelines so you don’t end up being the pretty committee,” the state
preservation official emphasized.  When asked how common historic districts were in Maryland, he noted that most town’s Elkton’s size and most that are participating in the Main Street program have historic districts.

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Cecil Whig Searches for ‘Swiss Cheese” Historic District

Cecil Whig:  Battle brews over history in Elkton

Dr. Davy McCall to Speak at Historical Society’s Annual Meeting Oct. 17, 2011

The annual meeting of the Historical Society of Cecil County will be held on Monday, October 17, 2011, at the Chesapeake Inn Banquet Room, 605 2nd Street, Chesapeake City. Our guest speaker will be Dr. Davy McCall. Dr. McCall received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1962. He has had a long and distinguished career in the Foreign Service, focusing on economic development, spending many years abroad with the World Bank. He has authored a book on the 200th anniversary of St. Paul’s Church and has restored three 18th century homes on the Eastern Shore. He was the founding chair of the Kent County Historic Preservation commission and current serves as vice-chair. Dr. McCall has donated a unique collection of 19th century materials related to the Susquehanna region and will be speaking about his generous contribution. In addition members of the Cecil County Heritage Troupe and Boxturtle Bob will be performing during the evening.

The cost of the dinner is $30 per person for members or $35.00 per person for non-members. You may select between Crab Cake or Chicken Marsala. Your meal will include salad, coffee or tea and dessert.

To reserve for the evening, send a check in the property amount to the Historical Society, 135 E. Main Street, Elkton, MD. 21921. The deadline for reservations is October 7, 2011.

Cecil Whig in Search of the ‘Swiss Cheese’ Historic District

In today’s Cecil Whig a column examines an issue members of Elkton’s historic and Architectural Review Committee (HARC) initiated when they met with the town board and discussed eliminating or reducing regulations protecting Elkton’s surviving cultural resources.  As a result of all the fuzz about “preserving stately homes, procedures for demolishing old buildings, and enforcement of historic building regulations,” Cecil Whig columnist Ed Okonowicz headed downtown to see what was going on and see if he could “locate the top historical spots.”

That proved to be challenging, he wrote.  One downtown regular and a trustee of the Historic Elk Landing Foundation, Jon Carpenter, was interviewed.  He described Elkton’s policy that contributes to the “current historic district dilemma” as one of “benign neglect.” 

The confusion, frustration and genuine regret over lost opportunities, “might support suggestions by some members of the town’s Historic and Architectural Review Committee that it continuation may not be worthwhile,” Okonowicz said.  “Unfortunately for some time, it appears preservation efforts were ineffectual and not forward thinking.  Efforts by county and Elkton agencies to entice travelers to view the city’s heritage face a steep uphill challenge because very little structural history survives.  Perhaps Elkton’s poor historic preservation legacy should serve as an example of what over community should not do and proves that in some cases, the present may be too late to salvage what’s left of a proud community’s rapidly vanishing past,” the columnist concludes.

Click here to see the full story in the Cecil Whig

Historic District Committee Meeting With Commissioners Got Off Track as all They Heard was Dissolve It, Other Members Say

Elkton Town Hall – August 31, 2011 – After dispatching a Historic and Architectural Review Committee (HARC) decision involving signs on a physician’s office downtown, the panel kicked around concerns about impressions that were created during the Aug 10 workshop with elected officials. The meeting with the mayor and commissioners got off to a track I wasn’t anticipating, Paula Newton, the Chair, informed the committee. “I wanted to know if they were going to support the decisions we make as so far they haven’t.” But “all they heard was dissolve the historic district,” Linda Griffith added as Paula nodded in agreement.

The mayor is under the impression the other elected officials now want to get rid of the district because of the burdensome nature of the regulations since the HARC discussion centered around elimination of the special district or reduction in its size. “We scared the commissioners into thinking we’re going to regulate” the minutia in buildings. “The reality is the guidelines in other towns are broad and give you a lot of leeway. . . . Depending on the age and history of the structure, we’re not going to apply strict guidelines, and that’s something the mayor and commissioners didn’t hear. These guidelines we’re talking about really are broad and they’re recommendations. . . . They’re not set in stone. We’re going to be lenient on a 1970s building, in comparison to a historic one.”

Noting the other point of view, Josh Brown went back to the signage discussion that took place when he mentioned the “heavy handed guidelines we’re going to enforce. . . . You’re telling this guy he’s got to put up an appropriate sign, but like counsel said there are plenty of others that aren’t in compliance.” The town attorney had weighed in on whether HARC should regulate the sign as there were plenty of others that weren’t in compliance. Those were done before the HARC committee was created and the authority to regulate those displays wasn’t in place, Paula answered. “There are some buildings that shouldn’t be in the historic district,” Josh continued as Paula added that if something came up with those non-contributing buildings they would be treated leniently. “We’re trying to preserve what we have,” she continued and they’re not going to make you go back and put something in that wasn’t there. “If you build it in the 1970s you go by that code and not this code,” Mark Clark added.

With the exchange winding down, Josh talked about whether certain areas should be in the district. Paula reemphasized that the regulations don’t’ require a strict approach to buildings that aren’t contributing to the historical fabric of the neighborhood as she noted the need to protect cultural resources that still exist in some of the areas. She wrapped up the exchanges by advising that the Maryland Historical Trust was going to have a preservation planner from the state attend a meeting with Elkton’s Mayor and Commissioners to help the elected officials sort out the concerns that were raised during the workshop.

Downtown Elkton structures

After Local Board Makes Unusual Recommendation to Eliminate Historic District, Commissioners Ask to Meet With State Professionals

Elkton Town Meeting, August 27, 2011Weeks ago the commissioners were told by some members of the historical and architectural review committee (HARC) that the special district protecting old structures in a few neighborhoods in Elkton should be eliminated or its area should be reduced. The regulations are far too restrictive and the county seat doesn’t have a historic corridor, the HARC representatives informed officials.

The discussion of that subject continued at this regular meeting as the elected officials decided they would like to hear from professionals at the Maryland Historical Trust, the state agency charged with protecting the State’s past. Commissioner Jablonski and Mayor Fisona noted that Cory Kegerise, a preservation planner, will attend a meeting with the elected leaders so officials can get a better understanding of obligations and requirements as Elkton struggles to stabilize and protect its old neighborhoods. Both the Mayor and Commissioner Jablonski, who also serves as the town’s Main Street Manager and the Executive Director of the Elkton Alliance/Chamber, said they want to get professional input before making a decision as they’d had contact from citizens pointing out the value of the municipality’s historic corridors. “We really need to discuss this as a whole and get some input. I was quite confused. I’m glad to hear Cory is coming to a meeting,” Commissioner Jablonski noted.

Forty-eight historic district commissions have been created in Maryland as communities work to protect the “look and feel of their towns,” according to Karen Theimer Brown, a representative of the Maryland Association of Historic District Commissions. The best way to protect a community’s historic character from inappropriate change is through a local ordinance and district, she noted.

Occasionally historic districts are abolished, but “that action is usually taken as a result of pressure from residents, developers, and landlords,” according to Cory of the Maryland Historical Trust. “To my knowledge there hasn’t’ been a situation where the members of a commission charged with administering and upholding a preservation ordinance have been the ones to advocate for removal of those policies.”

Treasures of Charlestown Subject of Program at North East Library on Sept. 27

Local historian Audrey Edwards will talk about colonial Charlestown’s historic buildings, artifacts and the stories behind its historical markers.  Step back in time to the days of the American Revolution!

North East Branch Library, 106 W. Cecil Ave., North East, MD. 21901

410-996-6269

Tues. Sept. 27th, 2011 at 6:30 pm